What does debugging involve in programming?

Debugging is a crucial process in programming that focuses specifically on identifying and fixing errors in code. This can include various types of errors, such as syntax errors, logical errors, and runtime errors, all of which can prevent a program from functioning as intended.

During the debugging process, a programmer systematically analyzes the code to locate the source of the problem. This often involves using debugging tools, print statements, or logs to track down where the code deviates from expected behavior. Once the errors are identified, the programmer can then make the necessary corrections to ensure that the code executes correctly and produces the desired outcomes.

The other options, while important aspects of software development, do not encompass the primary aim of debugging. Writing documentation helps clarify how code works for future reference, optimizing code improves its execution speed and efficiency, and creating user interfaces focuses on how users interact with the application, but none of these activities directly involve the process of identifying and resolving errors in the code itself.