What is the key difference between integer variables and floating-point variables?

The key difference between integer variables and floating-point variables lies in the type of values they represent. Integer variables are designed to store whole numbers—this means they can represent discrete, countable quantities such as items, people, or objects. For instance, in a scenario where you need to keep track of the number of apples in a basket, an integer variable would be appropriate, as you cannot have a fraction of an apple in this context.

On the other hand, floating-point variables are capable of representing real numbers, which include fractions and decimals. This allows them to store values that can express measurements or continuous quantities, such as height, weight, or temperature. A floating-point variable is ideal for situations where precision is required, and values might not be whole numbers—like measuring the weight of a bag of flour that could weigh 2.5 pounds.

Recognizing these definitions highlights the distinction: integer variables focus on countable items, while floating-point variables cater to more complex, measurable values found in real-world applications.